The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious cup on fourteen separate occasions.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger found the net early on.
Yet, the southern French side fired twice late to seize a shock advantage. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital leveler in the final seconds to force the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving crucial kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted with composure for PSG to complete a convincing shootout win.
The record winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the past thirteen seasons.